

April 12, 2011
Passover in Prison
This matzah is kept under lock and key. So are the people who will eat it.
by Jonah Lowenfeld
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Taking care of the spirits and souls of Southern California's jailed Jews is a demanding job throughout the year. Passover's additional requirements take the religious observance to another level of complexity.
"I think it's the most intensive Jewish holy day inside the prison system, just because it is so logistically complicated," said Rabbi Lon Moskowitz, who has served as the Jewish chaplain at the California Men's Colony in San Luis Obispo for the past 15 years.
From finding officers to supervise the pre-Passover cleaning of the prison's two separate Jewish chapels where the communal seders will be held, to training the "supervisor volunteers" to lead them, the effort has kept Moskowitz very busy. "It takes six weeks of eight-hour-day preparation," Moskowitz said.
Even with all that work in advance, the California state budget situation could still throw a wrench into the works.
"The whole prison system is on what they call a 'rolling lockdown,' which means that at any given time, one of the yards that the men live on is locked down," Moskowitz explained. "Some of the men will actually not be free to walk the 200 to 300 yards from their cell over to the chapel area to participate in a halachic community seder."
Jewish law -- halachah -- specifies the date (April 18) and time (after sundown) when a Passover seder is to take place. But in correctional facilities, despite the protections for religious practice provided by the First Amendment, the California administrative code and an 11-year-old federal law that specifically protects prisoners' religious rights, other laws, rules and regulations can present obstacles to observance.
Rabbi Yossi Carron, senior rabbi in the L.A. County jails for the past eight years, has become adept at balancing these competing requirements.
Carron calls the people he serves "the forgotten Jews," and he quickly makes clear that not all Jewish prisoners are behind bars for white-collar crimes. "There are rapists and murderers and drug addicts -- mostly drug addicts -- and armed robbers," Carron said, "just like the rest of the world. But nobody wants to acknowledge it."
Dividing his weeks between L.A. County's cash-strapped jails and one state prison in Corcoran, Carron has learned to stretch his limited time and his limited funds as far as possible -- far beyond what would be expected of most rabbis.
There's no Protestant chaplain, no Catholic chaplain, no imam" at the state prison in Corcoran, Carron explained, so whenever he leads Jewish services, he's also nominally supervising the other inmate-led religious services. "Otherwise they couldn't have services at all," Carron said.
"Rabbi Carron has taken that chaplaincy to an entirely new level of commitment, of involvement, of caring about the inmates and the staff," said Rabbi Mark S. Diamond, executive vice president of the Board of Rabbis of Southern California.
Inmates who meet with Carron know his rules. They are not to lie to him, and they must not show up intoxicated at any meeting. But aside from those two strict guidelines, Carron is probably one of the more flexible people in the county jail.
Take Carron's seder, which he leads using a photocopied haggadah of his own devising. "It's always about recovery, and how Judaism and recovery fit together, and how we're expected to be holy," Carron said.
Carron will lead this year's seder on April 22, the fourth day of Passover, but he's not sure how many people will be able to come, nor could he say for certain what they'll be eating.
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